An absent thumb can have many associations. They include :
* Fanconi anemia (pancytopenia-dysmelia syndrome)
* Franceschetti syndrome
* Holt-Oram syndrome
* phocomelia (e.g. thalidomide embryopathy)
* Poland syndrome (pectoral muscle aplasia - syndactyly)
* Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
* Seckel syndrome (bird-headed dwarfism)
* trisomy 18
* Yunis-VarĂ³n syndrome